N511 Module 4: Discussion Question
N511 Module 4: Discussion Question
N511 Module 4: Discussion Question
Discuss the treatment of Hepatitis C. Chose two pharmaceutical treatments for Hepatitis C and compare and contrast their mechanisms of action, side effects, and special considerations. Locate at least one scholarly website or video that discusses one of the medications.
OR
Many primary care providers today are ‘talked into’ prescribing antibiotics when they are unnecessary simply to save patient satisfaction rates and reimbursement. You are the primary care provider for a patient with the rhinovirus. The patient has asked for an antibiotic to treat his or her symptoms and is not happy with your response. How would you explain the seriousness of unnecessary antibiotics to this patient, while attempting to preserve patient satisfaction? Locate at least one scholarly website or video that discusses antibiotic misuse.
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N511 Module 4: Discussion Question
Not only is hepatitis C the most common reason for liver transplants, it also has no preventative vaccine (Adams, Holland & Urban, 2014). Understanding the virus, then, is of utmost clinical importance. Treatment involves multiple medications, including interferons and antivirals in order to suppress the virus. The goal of these medications is for the virus to be undetectable in the body after three months of treatment (Razonable, 2011). Two of these medications are telaprevir and adefovir.
Telaprevir and adefovir are in the same class of medications, antivirals. Their mechanisms of action are the same and their side effects are the same. Both work by halting viral replication and carry the same special feature of mandatory use in combination therapy with ribavirin and interferon (Major breakthrough, 2014). Both carry the risk of side effects such as headaches, nausea, fatigue, asthenia, renal failure, lactic acidosis, pancreatitis, hepatomegaly, cardiac arrest, hemolytic anemia, apnea, and neuropathy (Adams, Holland, & Urban, 2014).
The articles referenced below are scholarly sources who discuss these medications further, per the posting instructions.
References
Adams, M., Holland, N., & Urban, C. (2014). Pharmacology for nurses: A pathophysiologic approach (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education Inc.
Major breakthrough approved in treating hepatitis C virus. (2014). The Ithaca Journal Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1473953361?accountid=193269
Razonable, R. (2011). Antiviral drugs for viruses other than human immunodeficiency virus. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 86(10), 1009-26. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/894882652?accountid=193269
ANTIBIOTIC / PATIENT SATISFACTION /THE PRIMARY CARE PROVIDER
Rhinovirus is a viral infection. It is contagious. It presents itself as the common cold. Its characteristics are- elevated temperature. a headache, pressure to the ears and face, headache, sore throat irritation, dryness or nasal congestion accompanied with discharge from the nose, sore throat, reduction to the sensation of smell and taste. sneezing. Intubation phase12-72 hours and may last 7-14 days
The desired approach considered to the treatment Rhinovirus is rest, avoid the spread or contact from person to person, nasal decongestion, hydration, and bedrest, hand washing after contact.
Complications can be ineffective breathing pattern due to respiratory infection (upper or lower), including pneumonia in children and the elderly, myositis, Reye’s symptoms, encephalitis, or pericarditis.No isolation necessary but fatality mus not be ruled out.
Overprescribed antibiotic by primary-care providers today even when unnecessary to preserve patients satisfaction rate and reimbursement because of many reasons. Reasons can be as follows:1) Some providers concept is patients will give high ratings if given unnecessarily prescribed antibiotics, 2)In Americans some patients perception is that every illness requires antibiotics, therefore if the antibiotic is not given not given the reputation of the provider’s, surfers, 3) Time-conservation – it is faster to make a prescription for the unnecessary antibiotic rather than taking an extra minute to explain why it is not needed – the advantages and disadvantages, less time spent with one patient results more patient seen on a daily bases.3)Patients’ satisfaction enhances and increases or promotes higher reimbursement for the provider, therefore, providers preferred to give opioids and antibiotic than to refuse, the patients request and to be firm and honest.
In the case of Rhinovirus when the patient asked for antibiotic treatment and is not happy with my response the patient has the right to know while allowing them to make a choice. Education is the key to reduce conflicts. Teaching can be on 1 )what, how and why antibiotics should not be used, 2) signs and symptoms, how antibiotic resistant is triggered in the body, side effects, advertised reaction, Advantage and disadvantage, 3) there should be a patient-provider centred relationship as in trust, confidence and self-competence and family, 4) Antibiotic does not stop anyone from sickness, longer recovery period and not take other persons’ medication.
Patients should be taught that taking the unnecessary antibiotic is that 1)antibiotic is manufactured to fight bacterial infection as sinus or ear infection not against viral infection like flu.
Antibiotics should not be saved Unnecessary because taking antibiotics bacteria becomes resistant making it harder for the body to face any harmful infection.
Antibiotics are an important type of medication used in the prevention of disease, prevention in the spread of disease, and reducing complication of disease , significantly used for fighting specific bacteria and in specific areas of the body as in urinary tract infection, strep throat, the broad-spectrum antibiotic, used in hospitals in cases as c-diff, sepsis
An antibiotic has the ability to destroy white blood cells, and the destroys the flora of the gut.
The physician is faced with two choices 1)Take the risk of poor patients satisfaction, 2) increased prescribed unnecessary antibiotic to increase patients satisfaction
References
ADAMS, HOLLAND URBAN PHARMACOLOGY FOR NURSES (4th EDITON )PEARDON
https://www.nibi.nlm.nib.gov
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