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HCA322: Health Care Ethics & Medical Law (HCE2440A)

 

HCA322: Health Care Ethics & Medical Law (HCE2440A) 

Assistants, Nurse Practitioners, Nurses, etc.) as well as health care administrative professionals. For this assignment, you will create a PowerPoint presentation with 15-20 topic slides (not including the title and reference slides) and speaker's notes of 100-150 words for each slide in which you will address the following in your presentation: 

⚫ Include an overview slide that outlines the topics in your presentation and includes an introduction of yourself in the speaker's notes section. 。 Include your degree plan о Any healthcare experience or qualifications you have related to the presentation topics. If you have no healthcare experience, you can be creative with professional experience. • Define the four ethical principles in health care in your own words and give an example of each as it relates to health care. • Examine two patient rights and how the administrative leaders of a health care organization ensures they are followed. Include details related to two patient rights from the ACA. • Include your opinion on how they relate to ethical and legal aspects of today's health care industry. • Analyze at least two ways of creating a culturally inclusive and diverse environment in a health care organization that considers all the stakeholders Launch External Tool 

 Prior to beginning work on this PowerPoint assignment, read Chapter 7 and Chapter 8 in our textbook, review the chapters and the required and recommended resources from earlier in class, as well as the following: • Health Insurance Rights and Protections • Diversity and Inclusiveness in Health Care Leadership: 

Three Key Steps • Improving Access to Care and Patient Experience Through Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging The Many Roads to Universal Health Care in the USA • • HCA322 Power Point Instructions • Save a PowerPoint file as PDF with Notes Showing Scenario: You are the newly hired Healthcare Compliance Officer in a 250 bed hospital. The hospital where you are working is undergoing radical change to improve its standing in the community as well as improve the patient outcomes. 

You have been asked by the CEO and Board of Directors to present your plans for ensuring the hospital meets laws, regulations, and best practices that govern the healthcare industry. Your audience consists of health care providers (Doctors, Physician Assistants, Nurse Practitioners, Nurses, etc.) as well as organization that considers all the stakeholders (e.g., employees, patients and patient families, community, etc.) of the organization. Include the following in this segment: • What are some ways the organization can demonstrate cultural competency in the care they provide? o What impact will these methods have on the health care disparities patients experience? 。 How will the methods improve health outcomes for marginalized communities/people? • Discuss the components a health care organization should include in a diversity and inclusion policy. • Discuss the differences between privacy and confidentiality. • Briefly give an overview of one law associated with each. • Discuss at least one future trend related to privacy and confidentiality, including how the organization and staff will protect the patients' personal health information. • Explain licensure, certification, and credentialling. 

Include the legal ramifications if an organization does not ensure that their health care providers have the appropriate documentation and licensing to practice. • Share your opinion on a universal health care system and whether it is a right or a privilege to have universal health care. 。 Give your rationale for your response. 。 How does your belief regarding the right to Launch External Tool

    EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH

    EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH

    Realtors rely on detailed property appraisals—conducted using appraisal tools—to assign market values to houses and other properties. These values are then presented to buyers and sellers to set prices and initiate offers.

    Research appraisal is not that different. The critical appraisal process utilizes formal appraisal tools to assess the results of research to determine value to the context at hand. Evidence-based practitioners often present these findings to make the case for specific courses of action.

    In this Assignment, you will use an appraisal tool to conduct a critical appraisal of published research. You will then present the results of your efforts.

    RESOURCES

    Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
    Click the weekly resources link to access the resources. 

    WEEKLY RESOURCES

    To Prepare:

    • Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you selected in Module 2 and the four systematic reviews (or other filtered high- level evidence) you selected in Module 3.
    • Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you selected in Module 2 and analyzed in Module 3.
    • Review and download the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template provided in the Resources.

    The Assignment (Evidence-Based Project)

    Part 3A: Critical Appraisal of Research

    Conduct a critical appraisal of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected by completing the Evaluation Table within the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template. Choose a total of four peer- reviewed articles that you selected related to your clinical topic of interest in Module 2 and Module 3.

    Note: You can choose any combination of articles from Modules 2 and 3 for your Critical Appraisal. For example, you may choose two unfiltered research articles from Module 2 and two filtered research articles (systematic reviews) from Module 3 or one article from Module 2 and three articles from Module 3. You can choose any combination of articles from the prior Module Assignments as long as both modules and types of studies are represented.

    Part 3B: Critical Appraisal of Research

    Based on your appraisal, in a 1-2-page critical appraisal, suggest a best practice that emerges from the research you reviewed. Briefly explain the best practice, justifying your proposal with APA citations of the research.

    BY DAY 7 OF WEEK 7

    Submit Part 3A and 3B of your Evidence-Based Project.

    EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 3: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF RESEARCH

    Realtors rely on detailed property appraisals—conducted using appraisal tools—to assign market values to houses and other properties. These values are then presented to buyers and sellers to set prices and initiate offers.

    Research appraisal is not that different. The critical appraisal process utilizes formal appraisal tools to assess the results of research to determine value to the context at hand. Evidence-based practitioners often present these findings to make the case for specific courses of action.

    In this Assignment, you will use an appraisal tool to conduct a critical appraisal of published research. You will then present the results of your efforts.

    RESOURCES

    Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.  Click the weekly resources link to access the resources. 

    WEEKLY RESOURCES

      To Prepare:

    · Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you selected in Module 2 and the four systematic reviews (or other filtered high- level evidence) you selected in Module 3.

    · Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you selected in Module 2 and analyzed in Module 3.

    · Review and download the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template provided in the Resources.

    The Assignment (Evidence-Based Project)

    Part 3A: Critical Appraisal of Research

    Conduct a critical appraisal of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected by completing the Evaluation Table within the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template. Choose a total of four peer- reviewed articles that you selected related to your clinical topic of interest in Module 2 and Module 3.

    Note: You can choose any combination of articles from Modules 2 and 3 for your Critical Appraisal. For example, you may choose two unfiltered research articles from Module 2 and two filtered research articles (systematic reviews) from Module 3 or one article from Module 2 and three articles from Module 3. You can choose any combination of articles from the prior Module Assignments as long as both modules and types of studies are represented.

    Part 3B: Critical Appraisal of Research

    Based on your appraisal, in a 1-2-page critical appraisal, suggest a best practice that emerges from the research you reviewed. Briefly explain the best practice, justifying your proposal with APA citations of the research.

    BY DAY 7 OF WEEK 7

    Submit Part 3A and 3B of your Evidence-Based Project.

    SUBMISSION INFORMATION

    Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check your draft, access the  Turnitin Drafts from the  Start Here area. 

    1. To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as  MD4Assgn+last name+first initial.

    2. Then, click on  Start Assignment near the top of the page.

    3. Next, click on  Upload File and select  Submit Assignment for review.

    Rubric

    NURS_6052_Module04_Week07_Assignment_Rubric

    NURS_6052_Module04_Week07_Assignment_Rubric

    Criteria

    Ratings

    Pts

    This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomePart 3A: Critical Appraisal of ResearchCritical Appraisal of Research Conduct a critical appraisal of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected and analyzed by completing the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template. Be sure to include: · An Evaluation Table

    45 to >40.0 ptsExcellentThe critical appraisal accurately and clearly provides a detailed evaluation table. …The responses provide a detailed, specific, and accurate evaluation of each of the peer-reviewed articles selected.

    40 to >35.0 ptsGoodThe critical appraisal accurately provides an evaluation table. …The responses provide an accurate evaluation of each of the peer-reviewed articles selected with some specificity.

    35 to >31.0 ptsFairThe critical appraisal provides an evaluation table that is inaccurate or vague. …The responses provide an inaccurate or vague evaluation of each of the peer-reviewed articles selected.

    31 to >0 ptsPoorThe critical appraisal provides an evaluation table that is inaccurate and vague or is missing.

    45 pts

    This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomePart 3B: Evidence-Based Best PracticesEvidence-Based Best Practices Based on your appraisal, suggest a best practice that emerges from the research you reviewed. Briefly explain the best practice, justifying your proposal with the selected resources.

    35 to >31.0 ptsExcellentThe responses accurately and clearly suggest a detailed best practice that is fully aligned to the research reviewed. …The responses accurately and clearly explain in detail the best practice, with sufficient justification of why this represents a best practice in the field. …The responses provide a complete, detailed, and specific synthesis of the four peer reviewed articles.

    31 to >27.0 ptsGoodThe responses accurately suggest a best practice that is adequately aligned to the research reviewed. …The responses accurately explain the best practice, with adequately justification of why this represents a best practice in the field. …The responses provide an accurate synthesis of at least one outside resource reviewed on the best practice explained.

    27 to >24.0 ptsFairThe responses inaccurately or vaguely suggest a best practice that may be aligned to the research reviewed. …The responses inaccurately or vaguely explain the best practice, with inaccurate or vague justification for why this represents a best practice in the field. …The responses provide a vague or inaccurate synthesis of outside resources reviewed on the best practice explained.

    24 to >0 ptsPoorThe responses inaccurately and vaguely suggest a best practice that may be aligned to the research reviewed or are missing. …The responses inaccurately and vaguely explain the best practice, with inaccurate and vague justification for why this represents a best practice in the field or are missing. …A vague and inaccurate synthesis of no outside resources reviewed on the best practice explained is provided or is missing.

    35 pts

    This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeResource Synthesis

    5 to >4.0 ptsExcellentThe response fully integrates at least two outside resources and two or three course-specific resources that fully support the responses provided.

    4 to >3.0 ptsGoodThe response integrates at least one outside resource and two or three course-specific resources that may support the responses provided.

    3 to >2.0 ptsFairThe response minimally integrates resources that may support the responses provided.

    2 to >0 ptsPoorThe response fails to integrate any resources to support the responses provided.

    5 pts

    This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting—Paragraph Development and Organization:Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction is provided, which delineates all required criteria.

    5 to >4.0 ptsExcellentParagraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. …A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided, which delineates all required criteria.

    4 to >3.0 ptsGoodParagraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time. …Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated but are brief and not descriptive.

    3 to >2.0 ptsFairParagraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60–79% of the time. …Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is vague or off topic.

    2 to >0 ptsPoorParagraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity less than 60% of the time. …No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion is provided.

    5 pts

    This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting—English Writing Standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation.

    5 to >4.0 ptsExcellentUses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.

    4 to >3.0 ptsGoodContains a few (one or two) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

    3 to >2.0 ptsFairContains several (three or four) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

    2 to >0 ptsPoorContains many (five or more) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.

    5 pts

    This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWritten Expression and Formatting:The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running head, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list.

    5 to >4.0 ptsExcellentUses correct APA format with no errors.

    4 to >3.0 ptsGoodContains a few (one or two) APA format errors.

    3 to >2.0 ptsFairContains several (three or four) APA format errors.

    2 to >0 ptsPoorContains many (five or more) APA format errors.

    5 pts

    Total Points: 100

    ,

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    AJN, American Journal of Nursing 

    Issue: Volume 110(11), November 2010, pp 43-51

    Copyright: (C) 2010 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.

    Publication Type: [Feature Articles]

    DOI: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000390523.99066.b5

    ISSN: 0002-936X

    Accession: 00000446-201011000-00027

    Hide Cover

     

    [Feature Articles] « Previous Article  Table of Contents   Next Article »

    Evidence-Based Practice, Step by Step: Critical Appraisal of the Evidence Part III 

    Fineout-Overholt, Ellen PhD, RN, FNAP, FAAN; Melnyk, Bernadette Mazurek PhD, RN, CPNP/PMHNP, FNAP, FAAN; Stillwell, Susan B. DNP, RN, CNE; Williamson, Kathleen M. PhD, RN 

    Author Information 

    Ellen Fineout-Overholt is clinical professor and director of the Center for the Advancement of Evidence-Based Practice at Arizona State University in Phoenix, where Bernadette Mazurek Melnyk is dean and distinguished foundation professor of nursing, Susan B. Stillwell is clinical associate professor and program coordinator of the Nurse Educator Evidence-Based Practice Mentorship Program, and Kathleen M. Williamson is associate director of the Center for the Advancement of Evidence-Based Practice. Contact author: Ellen Fineout-Overholt, [email protected]

     AI Article Summary BETA 

    Abstract 

    The process of synthesis: seeing similarities and differences across the body of evidence.

    This is the seventh article in a series from the Arizona State University College of Nursing and Health Innovation's Center for the Advancement of Evidence-Based Practice. Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a problem-solving approach to the delivery of health care that integrates the best evidence from studies and patient care data with clinician expertise and patient preferences and values. When delivered in a context of caring and in a supportive organizational culture, the highest quality of care and best patient outcomes can be achieved.

    The purpose of this series is to give nurses the knowledge and skills they need to implement EBP consistently, one step at a time. Articles will appear every two months to allow you time to incorporate information as you work toward implementing EBP at your institution. Also, we've scheduled "Chat with the Authors" calls every few months to provide a direct line to the experts to help you resolve questions. See details below.

    In September's evidence-based practice (EBP) article, Rebecca R., our hypothetical staff nurse, Carlos A., her hospital's expert EBP mentor, and Chen M., Rebecca's nurse colleague, rapidly critically appraised the 15 articles they found to answer their clinical question-"In  hospitalized adults (P), how does a  rapid response team (I) compared with  no rapid response team (C) affect  the number of cardiac arrests (O) and  unplanned admissions to the ICU (O) during a  three-month period (T)?"-and determined that they were all "keepers." The team now begins the process of evaluation and synthesis of the articles to see what the evidence says about initiating a rapid response team (RRT) in their hospital. Carlos reminds them that evaluation and synthesis are synergistic processes and don't necessarily happen one after the other. Nevertheless, to help them learn, he will guide them through the EBP process one step at a time.

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    STARTING THE EVALUATION

    Rebecca, Carlos, and Chen begin to work with the evaluation table they created earlier in this process when they found and filled in the essential elements of the 15 studies and projects (see "Critical Appraisal of the Evidence: Part I," July). Now each takes a stack of the "keeper" studies and systematically begins adding to the table any remaining data that best reflect the study elements pertaining to the group's clinical question (see  Table 1 ; for the entire table with all 15 articles, go to  http://links.lww.com/AJN/A17 ). They had agreed that a "Notes" section within the "Appraisal: Worth to Practice" column would be a good place to record the nuances of an article, their impressions of it, as well as any tips-such as what worked in calling an RRT-that could be used later when they write up their ideas for initiating an RRT at their hospital, if the evidence points in that direction. Chen remarks that although she thought their initial table contained a lot of information, this final version is more thorough by far. She appreciates the opportunity to go back and confirm her original understanding of the study essentials.

    Table 1Opens a popup window

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    The team members discuss the evolving patterns as they complete the table. The three systematic reviews, which are higher-level evidence, seem to have an inherent bias in that they included only studies with control groups. In general, these studies weren't in favor

    SWOT Analysis for healthcare product or service you have proposed

    TO PREPARE

    • Reflect on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with the healthcare product or service you have proposed.
    • Reflect on the costs and potential revenue streams associated with the healthcare product or service you have proposed.

    NOTE

    In this Discussion, you will examine the use of these tools. You will reflect on your own proposal, and on the costs and potential revenue streams or other benefits associated with a healthcare product or service. You will also consider the environment in which your organization operates and potential relevant opportunities and threats.

     a brief description of what you believe to be the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the healthcare product or service you have proposed. Also include a statement considering where costs and revenues fall in your SWOT analysis. Are their weaknesses associated with the costs? In other words, are the costs high enough to represent budgetary issues? Do potential revenue streams represent a strength? Consult with your internal finance counselor, as appropriate.

     SWOT AND COST ANALYSIS

    A person in scrubs using a computer  AI-generated content may be incorrect.

    How well do you know your organization?

    Many of us spend a great deal of time at our workplace, and this often leads us to feel that we know the organization very well. But when it comes to organizational familiarity, there are several levels of understanding. Leaders faced with decisions about investing resources often use tools such as SWOT and cost analyses to truly reflect on the company and on the appropriateness and potential of an investment.

    In this Discussion, you will examine the use of these tools. You will reflect on your own proposal, and on the costs and potential revenue streams or other benefits associated with a healthcare product or service. You will also consider the environment in which your organization operates and potential relevant opportunities and threats.

    RESOURCES

    Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.  Click the weekly resources link to access the resources. 

    WEEKLY RESOURCES

    TO PREPARE

    · Reflect on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with the healthcare product or service you have proposed.

    · Reflect on the costs and potential revenue streams associated with the healthcare product or service you have proposed.

    BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 7

    Post a brief description of what you believe to be the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the healthcare product or service you have proposed. Also include a statement considering where costs and revenues fall in your SWOT analysis. Are their weaknesses associated with the costs? In other words, are the costs high enough to represent budgetary issues? Do potential revenue streams represent a strength? Consult with your internal finance counselor, as appropriate.

    BY DAY 6 OF WEEK 7

    Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses and respond to  at least two of your colleagues on  two different days and critique their SWOT and cost analysis, offering supporting or contrary ideas regarding strengths, weaknesses, opportunities or threats to be considered or additional thoughts about the impact of their cost and/or revenue projections.

    Note:  For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link, and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on  Submit!

    image1.jpeg

    ,

    SWOT: What’s it all about and how to use it?

    David Stonehouse is a Lecturer in Children and Young People’s Nursing with the

    School of Health and Society at the University of Salford, Manchester.

    Abstract.

    This article examines the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats

    analysis tool commonly known as SWOT and how support workers can utilise this in

    decision making, problem-solving and in identifying where changes in clinical

    practice are needed. The importance of this will be highlighted in the relevant

    sections of The Code of Conduct for Healthcare Support Workers and Adult Social

    Care Workers in England (Skills for Care and Skills for Health, 2013) and for nursing

    associates in the recently amended NMC (2018) code. The article will start with an

    overview of the SWOT analysis tool before examining the four separate parts. The

    importance of the analysis stage will be highlighted.

    Key Words: Analysis, Opportunities, Strengths, Support Workers, SWOT, Threats,

    Weaknesses.

    Introduction

    Support workers are key to the delivery of high quality care to patients. They are

    closest to patient care and therefore know the needs of their patient’s best and how

    their organisations operate from the ground up. They are best placed to identify

    where change is needed and where decisions need to be made. One way in which to

    ensure that the right decisions and changes are being implemented is in utilising a

    decision making tool such as SWOT. There are other tools available, for example

    PESTLE (Taylor et al, 2015), or SPECTACLES (Pettinger, 2012), however SWOT

    analysis has been chosen as being simpler, having only four components, and as

    Marquis and Huston (2017) state, it is recognised as being both effective and

    commonly used in healthcare organisations. The SWOT analysis tool can be used

    for a whole range of applications. For managers “to scan their external environment

    to identify opportunities and threats so that their internal strengths and weaknesses

    are aligned accordingly” (Sola et al, 2018:136), to assisting support workers in

    writing their Professional Development Plans by identifying “areas in which

    development is required or desired” (Jackson & Thurgate, 2011:293) and by a

    learner within the workplace to identify opportunities within their environment

    (Wareing, 2016).

    Code Words.

    The Code of Conduct for Healthcare Support Workers and Adult Social Care

    Workers in England (Skills for Care and Skills for Health, 2013), section 2.1 states

    that you must “always act in the best interests of people who use health and care

    services.” To act in your patients best interests means always delivering care which

    is of the highest possible standard. To do this your care and practice must be

    evidence based and be open to regular scrutiny. Evidence based practice is defined

    as practice which is “based on the best available evidence, patient preferences and

    clinical judgement” (Schmidt & Brown, 2015:4). Section 6 is focused upon striving to

    “improve the quality of healthcare, care and support through continuing professional

    development. This is achieved through, section 6.2, participating in “continuing

    professional development to achieve competencies required for your role.” Section

    6.4 urges you to “improve the quality and safety of the care you provide” and 6.6, to

    “contribute to the learning and development of others as appropriate.” For nursing

    associates, the NMC (2018) code also states in Section 25.1 that you must “identify

    priorities, manage time, staff and resources effectively and deal with risk to make

    sure that the quality of care or service you deliver is maintained and improved.

    Through analysing proposed changes to working practices using tools such as the

    SWOT analysis tool, support workers and nursing associates will be assisted to

    make good, well founded decisions in how care and services can be improved.

    Knowing the strengths of that decision and the opportunities it will present. They will

    also be empowered to voice their concerns when a change is not in their patient’s

    best interests, recognising the weaknesses, and by recognising the external threats

    they will be better placed to overcome them.

    Undertaking a SWOT Analysis

    Before you start you need to identify what it is you are going to analyse. Sale (2005)

    states that first of all you need to assess the current situation. What are the drivers

    and levers for change? Has something occurred to prompt you or your department to

    consider change or to make a decision? This may be a whole range of things, such

    as incidents, complaints, new research, or a development in best practice.

    The whole department, including support workers and nursing associates, should

    meet to perform a SWOT analysis. This is done by examining the four categories,

    strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The order and positioning of the

    four categories in the grid is deliberate (See fig. one). The top two categories of

    strengths and weaknesses are directed internally at the individual, team, department

    or organisation. Wherever, or whoever, the change or decision is aimed at. The

    bottom two categories of opportunities and threats are aimed at the external

    environment (Phillips, 2009). Together with this, the left hand two categories of

    strengths and opportunities are positives whereas the right hand two of weaknesses

    and threats are negatives. As Thompson (2012:216) states this is useful as it “helps

    us to provide a balanced overview of the situation we are analysing,” and not just to

    focus on the negatives.

    Fig One. SWOT Analysis Tool.

    Strengths

    This is the first of the two positive areas and is looking internally. Strengths could be

    the things that make you or your team stand out from other areas. What do you do

    well and excel at? Are your skills, knowledge and experience you have a strength?

    The training you have received to support you in fulfilling your role and in meeting

    the organisations objectives. These strengths could be identified from good

    evaluations received or patient feedback.

    Weaknesses

    The first negative area and again internally looking is weaknesses. Are there areas

    of your organisation, team or even on the individual level which you can recognise as

    being weak? Are there things missing? This could even be around reputation or

    image, or deficiencies in accommodation or outdated technology (Mullins, 2013). It

    could also be on a more practical level of staff shortages, positions not filled, work

    load, morale of the team, or actual working conditions.

    Opportunities

    This is the second positive area but now is outward facing. What opportunities are

    there outside of your team or organisation? Is there a need being generated by

    patient expectations, or new guidelines which you could adopt? Is there something

    new that you could start doing? Could new funding be accessed that has previously

    been unavailable (Phillips, 2009)? This is your chance to identify a new direction, or

    new service you could be delivering to meet a previously unmet need. Maybe a new

    technique has been identified to provide care in an improved way? Opportunities

    could also be experiences gained outside of the current team, which as yet have

    been unused (Jackson & Thurgate, 2011). Have team member’s talents been

    unrecognised and unused until now?

    Threats

    The last area is negative and outward facing. This is more serious. It is about

    identifying things which could actually threaten your practice, service or organisation.

    Are there things out there, external, which could impact negatively on how you

    provide your service or care? Threats to the organisation or team could be a loss or

    decrease in budget, or a change in political or societal drivers which may threaten

    commissioning of the service in the future (Phillips, 2009). Is another organisation

    providing care in a more productive way?

    Analysis

    This is the most important part of the process. For the analysis to be worthwhile, time

    needs to be given to complete the four sections above as fully as possible. As

    Pettinger (2012:24) states nothing should be off limits, only “once everything is in

    front of people, evaluations and judgements can then be made.” Once recorded you

    need to be able to tell what the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are

    telling you. If done too quickly or as a tick box exercise, there is a risk that SWOT

    may have been performed, but without the analysis (Thompson, 2012), making the

    exercise worthless. Thompson (2012) goes on to say that once words have been

    inputted into the four areas, you are then able to see if there are any patterns or

    themes emerging. Issues previously unrecognised can be acknowledged and

    discussed, making the decision making process easier and highlighting the drivers

    for change.

    Conclusion.

    So to conclude, this article has highlighted the usefulness of the SWOT analysis tool,

    in supporting an individual, team or department to identify opportunities for change.

    Support workers and nursing associates will often know more about how a team and

    department is performing, being the key staff members delivering the most hands on

    care. They are therefore well placed to contribute the most to a SWOT analysis of

    the clinical area, suggesting how strengths can be maximised, weaknesses

    improved upon, opportunities grasped and threats neutralised. All this will help to

    deliver quality care and services to the patients and families that we serve and

    support.

    Key Points:

    1. Support workers are key to identifying the strengths, weaknesses,

    opportunities and threats within their own working environments.

    2. Time needs to be devoted to completing the four areas so that it does not

    become a tick box exercise.

    3. Thinking about an area using SWOT allows you to have a balanced view of

    both the positives and negatives, looking both inward and outward.

    4. The most important stage is the analysis of the four categories, without which

    the tool is useless.

    5. Once your analysis of the SWOT has taken place, you can then make better

    decisions and changes to benefit both staff and patient care.

    Reflective Questions For Your Continuing Professional Development

    • In a small group of your peers, conduct a SWOT analysis of your team or

    department.

    • Identify possible changes you can make to build upon your strengths, or to

    remove or diminish any weaknesses.

    • As an individual perform a SWOT analysis examining your own personal

    learning and development.

    References:

    Jackson C, Thurgate C. Personal Development Plans and Workplace Learning.

    British Journal of Healthcare Assistants. 2011: 5(6):292-296. doi:

    https://doi.org/10.12968/bjha.2011.5.6.292

    Pettinger R. Management: A Concise Introduction. London: Palgrave Macmillan;

    2012

    Phillips K. Leading in Complex Environments (57-72). In: McKimm J, Phillips K, eds.

    Leadership and Management in Integrated Services. Exeter: Learning Matters; 2009:

    Marquis BL, Huston CJ. Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing:

    Theory and Application. 9th edn. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2017

    Mullins LJ. Management and Organisational Behaviour. 10th edn. Harlow: Pearson

    Education Ltd; 2013

    Nursing and Midwifery Council. The Code: Professional Standards of Practice and

    Behaviour for Nurses, Midwives and Nursing associates. 2018.

    https://www.nmc.org.uk/globalassets/sitedocuments/nmc-publications/nmc-code.pdf

    (accessed 21 November 2018)

    Sale D. Understanding Clinical Governance and Quality Assurance: Making it

    Happen. London: Palgrave Macmillan; 2005

    Schmidt NA, Brown JM. Evidence-Based Practice for Nurses: Appraisal and

    Application of Research. 3rd edn. Burlington: Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2015

    Skills for Care and Skills for Health. Code of Conduct for Healthcare Support

    Workers and Adult Social Care Workers in England. 2013.

    http://www.skillsforhealth.org.uk/images/services/code-of-

    conduct/Code%20of%20Conduct%20Healthcare%20Support.pdf (accessed 21

    November 2018)

    Sola D, Borioli GS, Quaglia R. Predicting GPs’ Engagement With Artificial

    Intelligence. British Journal of Healthcare Management. 2018: 24(3):134-140. doi:

    https://doi.org/10.12968/bjhc.2018.24.3.134

    Taylor V, Scott H, Walter M. Organization and Management of Health and

    Healthcare (334-376). In: Naidoo J, Wills J, eds. Heath Studies: An Introduction. 3rd

    ed. London: Palgrave Macmillan; 2015

    Thompson N. The People Solutions Sourcebook. 2nd edn. London: Palgrave

    Macmillan; 2012

    Wareing M. Being a Worker and a Learner. British Journal of Healthcare Assistants.

    2016: 10(11):554-561. doi: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjha.2016.10.11.554

    ,

    UC Irvine Western Journal of Emergency Medicine: Integrating Emergency Care with Population Health

    Title Decreased Nursing Staffing Adversely Affects Emergency Department Throughput Metrics

    Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4811645s

    Journal Western Journal of Emergency Medicine: Integrating Emergency Care with Population Health, 19(3)

    ISSN 1936-900X

    Authors Ramsey, Zachariah Palter, Joseph S. Hardwick, John et al.

    Publication Date 2018

    DOI 10.5811/westjem.2018.1.36327

    Copyright Information Copyright 2018 by the author(s).This work is made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution License, available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Peer reviewed

    eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California

    Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 496 Volume 19, no. 3: May 2018

    *

    Brief research report

    Decreased Nursing Staffing Adversely Affects Emergency Department Throughput Metrics

    Zachariah Ramsey, MD* Joseph S. Palter, MD*†

    John Hardwick, MD* Jordan Moskoff, MD*†

    Errick L. Christian, MS* John Bailitz, MD‡

    Section Editor: David C. Lee, MD Submission history: Submitted September 5, 2017; Revision received November 30, 2017; Accepted January 16, 2018 Electronically published April 5, 2018 Full text available through open access at http://escholarship.org/uc/uciem_westjem DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2018.1.36327

    Introduction: The effect of nurse staffing on emergency department (ED) efficiency remains a significant area of interest to administrators, physicians, and nurses. We believe that decreased nursing staffing adversely affects key ED throughput metrics.

    Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational review of our electronic medical record database from 1/1/2015 to 12/31/2015 at a high-volume, urban public hospital. We report nursing hours, door-to-discharge length of stay (LOS) and door-to-admit LOS, and percentage of patients who left without being seen (LWBS). ED nursing hours per day was examined across quartiles with the effect evaluated using analysis of covariance and controlled for total daily ED volume, hospital occupancy and ED admission rate.

    Results: From 1/1/15-12/31/15, 105,887 patients presented to the ED with a range of 336 to 580 nursing hours per day with a median of 464.7. Independent of daily ED volume, hospital occupancy and ED admission rate, days in the lowest quartile of nursing hours experienced a 28.2-minute increase per patient in door-to-discharge LOS compared to days in the highest quartile of nursing hours. Door-to-admit LOS showed no significant change across quartiles. There was also an increase of nine patients per day who left without being seen by a provider in the lowest quartile of nursing hours compared to the highest quartile.

    Conclusion: Lower nursing hours contribute to a statistically significant increase in door-to- discharge LOS and number of LWBS patients, independent of daily ED volume, hospital occupancy and ED admission rate. Consideration of the impact of nursing staffing is needed to optimize throughput metrics for our urban, safety-net hospital. [West J Emerg Med. 2018;19(3)496-500.]

    INTRODUCTION Emergency department (ED) efficiency remains a vital

    aspect of delivering safe, quality care. ED utilization has risen considerably without a corresponding rise in available emergency services.1,2 To respond to the increased demand, it is imperative to identify factors that contribute to delays in care. Researchers have identified several hospital

    John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois Rush Medical College, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois

    characteristics associated with worse ED throughput or ED time on ambulance diversion including ED crowding,3 percentage of ED patients admitted,4,5,6 number of elective surgical admissions,5 hospital occupancy,5,6,7 training level of the treating physician,3 access to expedited diagnostic testing,8 socioeconomic status of the surrounding neighborhood,9 and decreased nurse staffing.10

    Volume 19, no. 3: May 2018 497 Western Journal of Emergency Medicine

    Ramsey et al. Decreased Nursing Staffing Adversely Affects ED Throughput Metrics

    Prior studies identified that increased nurse-to-patient ratios correlate with improved patient outcomes11,12 and that lower staffing is associated with increased left without being seen (LWBS) rates13 and increased ED care times.10 Our urban, tertiary care, safety-net, teaching hospital suffered a nursing shortage during 2015 due to an administrative initiative to decrease costs by limiting nurse overtime hours. Without a concomitant increase in hiring, this change caused significant gaps in ED nurse staffing. These gaps led to unpredictable closures of sections of the ED and increased average nurse-to- patient ratios. Our goal was to evaluate the impact of decreased nurse staffing on ED throughput metrics. We believe decreased nurse staffing adversely affects these metrics.

    METHODS Our hospital is an urban, tertiary care, safety-net hospital

    with 254 medical/surgical inpatient beds and 80 ED beds. The ED is staffed by full-time, board-certified attending emergency physicians who supervise emergency medicine residents, residents from other specialties, and physician assistants. Hospital-stipulated maximum nurse-to-patient ratios were not changed or exceeded during the study period. Nurses work a mix of 8- and 12-hour shifts. The ED is also staffed by patient care technicians and patient transporters.

    We conducted a retrospective observational review using Cerner First Net electronic medical record (EMR) database. All EMRs of 105,887 ED visits from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2015, were queried after institutional review board approval. We included in the analysis all patients discharged or admitted to the medical/surgical inpatient beds in the analysis regardless of inpatient or observational status. Patients admitted to the intensive care unit or the ED observation unit were excluded as the admission protocol to these units varies significantly from general admission; therefore, we could not accurately capture the length of stay (LOS) of these patients from EMR review. A total of 6,602 patients were excluded.

    The unit of measure was a 24-hour period starting at midnight. Daily number of patients admitted, discharged, and LWBS as well as the total daily volume in the ED was recorded. Daily nursing hours were determined from nursing staff records for each shift and summed for each day. We measured door-to- discharge LOS in minutes as the interval from the time of presentation to the ED to when the provider discharged the patient. We captured the time of initial presentation by the time the patient was registered at the front desk. The time of discharge was captured by a physician order for discharge placed in the EMR. Door-to-admit LOS was measured in minutes as the interval from the time of ED presentation to when the nurse placed an electronic order that the patient was ready to be transported to the ward. We defined hospital occupancy as the sum of the number of patients in a hospital bed at midnight and the number of patients discharged in the

    preceding 24 hours divided by the total number of hospital beds. This method was used previously by Forster,7 which helps capture the true use of inpatient beds during a 24-hour period.

    We evaluated the effect of ED nursing hours on throughput metrics using analysis of covariance and controlled for total daily ED volume, hospital occupancy and admission rate. Daily nursing hours were compared across quartiles as a fixed factor. We used daily door-to-discharge LOS, door-to- admit LOS, and the number of patients who LWBS as the dependent variables in each model. SPSS Univariate GLM procedure was used for all analyses.

    RESULTS The mean number of visits per day was 290 with a range

    of 129 – 425. Nursing hours ranged from 336 – 580 nursing hours per day with a median of 464.7. The daily mean LOS for discharged patients was 249.8 minutes, and the range was 155 – 389. The daily mean LOS for admitted patients was 441.5 minutes, and the range w

    You are the associate vice president for education and training for Bobcat Health

     

    You are the associate vice president for education and training for Bobcat Health, an academic medical center and health system.  The vice president of medical affairs comes to you concerned about the viability of the school’s residency programs.  Several of the residency site stakeholders are seeking clarification regarding new reimbursement models being used by the system and gaining clarity on the revenue cycle process in general. Prepare a white paper for the VP of Medical Affairs to share with the residency sites outlining the differences between the new reimbursement models and prior, traditional models for stakeholders.  Support your research with at least five sources. The use of professional charts / graphs to make the reading more interesting and to reinforce written content is encouraged. Ensure that your content and information is professional and can be followed by an executive audience. In your response, include the following: 

    • Introduce and discuss the various reimbursement methods (e.g., capitated payments, fee-for-service, etc.) and include emerging models being introduced to the industry. 
    • In your review, compare and contrast the traditional and new models and explain the motivation / reasons for the emerging models. Finally, based on this evidence, describe what impact (if any) you perceive there would be on the cost, quality and access to patient care. Support your research with peer-reviewed sources and/or market data. The use of professional charts / graphs to reinforce written content is encouraged. Ensure that your content and information is professional and can be followed by an executive audience.  
    • Identify the various steps within the revenue cycle process, including admissions, case management, documentation, coding, billing, et cetera. For each step identified, provide the following:
      • Purpose of the step identified.
      • Responsible functions completed by individuals, such as coders, registration clerk, etc.
      • Key components of the function, such as verifying insurance, financial counseling, or coding of documented services provided.
      • Consequences of failure to properly conduct the function identified.
      • Assess how the application of digital tools might improve revenue cycle process management and performance.

      Develop care coordination strategy based on a health care concern

      For this assessment, you will develop the final care coordination strategy you based on your health care concern and population in Assessment 2 using best practices found in the literature.

      Four Spheres of Care Activity

      Use  at least 100 words and no more than 400 words for each of the four required journal entries in this activity. You do not need to include scholarly resources or a reference list. Your reflections should be your own original thoughts. Please do not include patient or clinic identifying information.

      When you are finished with all four, select Save Entries and then Output Activity. Submit the resulting PDF to your assessment.

      Wellness and Disease Prevention:

      Reflect on the health promotion disease prevention interventions you witnessed in your practicum site, as it relates to the social determinants of health most prevalent in your community. What did you see? What does this time mean to you as a professional nurse in your role?

      Respond with at least 100 words.

      0/100 min words

      Chronic Disease Management:

      Reflect on the integration of interprofessional team-based care as it relates to chronic disease management in your practicum site this week. What did you see? What does this time mean to you as a professional nurse in your role?

      Respond with at least 100 words.

      0/100 min words

      Regenerative and Restorative Care:

      Reflect on the acute management of illnesses such as stroke, mental illness, and falls in your practicum site this week. What did you see? What does this time mean to you as a professional nurse in your role?

      Respond with at least 100 words.

      0/100 min words

      Hospice and Palliative Care:

      Reflect on end-of-life nursing and advanced illness and hospice care in your practicum site this week. What did you see? What does this time mean to you as a professional nurse in your role?

      Respond with at least 100 words.

      0/100 min words

      ,

      For this assessment, you will develop the final care coordination strategy you based on your health care concern and population in Assessment 2 using best practices found in the literature.

      Expand All

      Introduction

      This assessment builds on your initial care coordination infographic by providing an opportunity to research the literature and apply evidence to support what communication, teaching, and learning best practices are needed for your selected health care problem.

      Note: You are required to complete this assessment  only after Assessment 2 is successfully completed.

      Professional Context

      Care coordination is the process of providing a smooth and seamless transition of care as part of the health continuum. Nurses must be aware of community resources, ethical considerations, policy issues, cultural norms, safety, and the physiological needs of patients. Nurses play a key role in providing the necessary knowledge and communication to ensure seamless transitions of care. They draw upon evidence-based practices to promote health and disease prevention to create a safe environment conducive to improving and maintaining the health of individuals, families, or aggregates within a community. When provided with a plan and the resources to achieve and maintain optimal health, patients benefit from a safe environment conducive to healing and a better quality of life.

      Please watch the following brief video message for an overview of what to keep in mind as you complete your Care Coordination Strategy.

      · Final Care Coordination Strategy .

      Preparation

      You are encouraged to complete the Vila Health: Cultural Competence activity prior to completing this assessment. Completing course activities before submitting your first attempt has been shown to make the difference between basic and proficient assessment.

      In this assessment, you will evaluate the preliminary care coordination infographic you developed in Assessment 2 using best practices found in the literature.

      To prepare for your assessment, you will research the literature on your selected health care problem. You will describe the priorities that a care coordinator would establish when discussing the plan with a patient and family members. You will identify changes to the strategy based upon evidence-based practice and discuss how the strategy includes elements of  Healthy People 2030 .

      Instructions

      Build on your preliminary care infographic and selected health concern and population and create a detailed comprehensive final care coordination strategy.

      It is suggested that you use the following outline to organize your 5–7 page paper, including headings:

      · Design patient-centered health interventions and timelines for your selected healthcare problem. 

      · Address three patient healthcare issues related to your selected healthcare problem and patient population

      · Example: Healthcare problem: Type 1 diabetes in pediatric patients.

      · Health issues.

      · Depression.

      · Exercise.

      · Poor glucose control.

      · Design an intervention for each health issue.

      · Identify three community resources for each health intervention.

      · Establish timelines for implementing these interventions.

      · Include evidence to support your ideas.

      · Consider the ethical decisions in designing patient-centered health interventions for your selected healthcare problem.

      · Include the ethical questions that generate uncertainty about the decisions you have made.

      · Include evidence to support your ideas.

      · Identify relevant health policy implications for the coordination and continuum of care of your selected healthcare problem and population.

      · Cite  specific health policy provisions.

      · Include evidence to support your ideas.

      · Describe the priorities a care coordinator would establish when discussing the plan with a patient and family members.

      · Include evidence to support your ideas

      · Use the literature on evaluation as a guide to compare learning session content with best practices, including how to align teaching sessions to Healthy People 2030.

      · Clearly explain the need for the changes to the plan.

      The requirements, outlined above correspond to the grading criteria in the Final Care Coordination Strategy scoring guide, so be sure to address each point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.

      Format and Length

      · Write a 5–7 page APA-formatted scholarly paper (excluding title page and reference list).

      · Include five evidence-based resources.

      · Properly cite evidence throughout your paper.

      Good luck with your care coordination plan!

      Practicum Hours Submission

      · Use  Capella Academic Portal  to submit your practicum hours.

      · You must  complete any remaining practicum hours, for a total of 40 hours, approved by your preceptor. Submit practicum hour documentation to Capella Academic Portal.

      · Failure to complete the required practicum hours will result in a  non-performance for this assessment.

      Please review the  BSN Practicum  Campus page for more information and instructions on how to log your hours.

      Nursing Reflection Journal: Four Spheres of Care

      Reflective Journaling

      Reflective journaling serves as a powerful tool for self-reflection during your academic journey. Reflective journaling enables you to assess your performance and to develop the regular practice of self-reflection. During your practicum, you’ll complete  four reflective journal entries, each aligned with one of the four spheres of care.

      For your first entry, you can choose any of the four spheres, but you will need to complete all four by the end of the course. Remember that you’ll need to submit your completed nursing reflection as part of the final assessment for the course.

      Instructions

      Complete your first entry in 100–400 words in the  Nursing Reflection Journal: Four Spheres of Care  activity. You do not need to include scholarly resources or a reference list. Your reflections should be your own original thoughts. Please do not include patient or clinic identifying information.

      As you complete your practicum hours (total of 40 hours required), it is good practice to complete a reflection journal entry every 10 hours. Take a moment to review the four spheres of care and the assigned readings for each assessment. This can help you focus your practicum time on specifics of learning and experiencing the courseroom content.

      AACN Definition of the Four Spheres of Care

      Wellness and disease prevention: This sphere emphasizes health promotion, as well as the treatment of minor uncomplicated diseases or injuries for those not experiencing chronic illness or life-limiting conditions. Prenatal care, screenings, immunizations, and health promotion are some examples of care in this sphere (AACN, 2021). Nursing knowledge and competency in disease prevention and addressing social determinants of health are vital to promoting wellness across populations.

      Chronic disease management: This sphere encompasses caring for those with one or more chronic diseases and preventing adverse outcomes associated with them. Specialized nursing care is often needed for this population due to the complex needs, along with integrated interprofessional team-based care. Four in 10 Americans have two or more chronic diseases, and those diagnosed with multiple comorbidities are projected to increase.

      Regenerative and restorative care: This sphere includes critical and trauma care, complex acute care, acute exacerbations of chronic disease, and care of unstable patients who are typically in acute care hospital settings (AACN, 2021). This sphere includes the acute management of illness, such as a stroke or mental health crisis, and progression through the rehabilitative phase. Nursing skills and management of these populations are resource-intensive and specialized.

      Hospice and palliative care: The final sphere relates to competencies surrounding palliative care in advanced illness and hospice care at the end of life. All registered nurses provide generalist palliative care in compassionate and patient-centered care while managing pain and other symptoms associated with advanced, progressive illness. The End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium has mapped its Competencies and Recommendations for Educating Nursing Students competencies to the new AACN Essentials to assist educators in this endeavor.

      Reflection Questions

      By the end of your practicum, make sure that you have answered each of these questions.

      · Wellness and disease prevention: Reflect on the health promotion disease prevention interventions you witnessed in your practicum site, as it relates to the social determinants of health most prevalent in your community. What did you see? What does this time mean to you as a professional nurse in your role? 

      · Chronic disease management: Reflect on the integration of interprofessional team-based care as it relates to chronic disease management in your practicum site. What did you see? What does this time mean to you as a professional nurse in your role?

      · Regenerative and restorative care: Reflect on the acute management of illnesses such as stroke, mental illness, and falls in your practicum site. What did you see? What does this time mean to you as a professional nurse in your role?

      · Hospice and palliative care: Reflect on end-of-life nursing and advanced illness and hospice care in your practicum site. What did you see? What does this time mean to you as a professional nurse in your role?

      Reference

      American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2021).  The essentials: Core competencies for professional nursing education. https://www.aacnnursing.org/Portals/0/PDFs/Essentials/Essentials-Executive-Summary.pdf

      Completion Checklist

      ·

      Competencies Measured

      By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:

      · Competency 1: Create a patient centered strategy to achieve desired health outcomes.

      · Design patient-centered health interventions and timelines for a selected healthcare problem.

      · Describe priorities that a care coordinator would establish when discussing the plan with a patient and family members.

      · Competency 2: Apply the code of ethics for nursing to care coordination decisions.

      · Consider the ethical decisions in designing patient-centered health interventions for a selected healthcare problem, supporting ideas with the literature.

      · Competency 3: Explain how health care policies affect the coordination of patient centered care.

      · Identify relevant health policy implications for the coordination and continuum of care.

      · Use the literature on evaluation as a guide to compare learning session content with best practices, including how to align teaching sessions to Healthy People 2030.

      · Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead patient-centered care.

      · Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting nearly flawless adherence to APA format.

      · Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.

      · Complete any remaining practicum hours, for a total of 40 hours, approved by your preceptor. Submit practicum hour documentation to Capella Academic Portal.

      Scoring Guide

      Use the scoring guide to understand how your assessment will be evaluated.

       

      Expand All

      Criterion 1

      Design patient-centered health interventions and timelines for a selected healthcare problem.

      Distinguished

      Designs patient-centered health interventions and timelines for a selected healthcare problem that includes community resources.

      Proficient

      Designs patient-centered health interventions and timelines for a selected healthcare problem.

      Basic

      Designs patient-centered health intervention for a selected healthcare problem.

      Non Performance

      Does not design patient-centered health interventions and timelines for a selected healthcare problem.

      Criterion 2

      Consider the ethical decisions in designing patient-centered health interventions for a selected healthcare problem, supporting ideas with the literature.

      Distinguished

      Considers the ethical decisions in designing patient-centered health interventions for a selected healthcare problem, including ethical questions that generate uncertainty about the decisions made. Ideas are supported by the literature.

      Proficient

      Considers the ethical decisions in designing patient-centered health interventions for a selected healthcare problem, supporting ideas with the literature.

      Basic

      Considers ethical decisions.

      Non Performance

      Does not consider the ethical decisions in designing patient-centered health interventions for a selected healthcare problem or support ideas with the literature.

      Criterion 3

      Identify relevant health policy implications for the coordination and continuum of care.

      Distinguished

      Identifies relevant health policy implications for the coordination and continuum of care, based on accurate interpretations of policy provisions and supporting evidence. 

      Proficient

      Identifies relevant health policy implications for the coordination and continuum of care.

      Basic

      Identifies health policy implications that are inconsistent with the goals and objectives for the coordination and continuum of care.

      Non Performance

      Does not identify relevant health policy implications for the coordination and continuum of care.

      Criterion 4

      Describe priorities that a care coordinator would establish when discussing the plan with a patient and family members.

      Distinguished

      Describes priorities that a care coordinator would establish when discussing the plan with a patient and family members, including evidence to support ideas.

      Proficient

      Describes priorities that a care coordinator would establish when discussing the plan with a patient and family members.

      Basic

      Identifies priorities that a care coordinator would establish when discussing the plan with a patient and family members.

      Non Performance

      Does not describe priorities that a care coordinator would establish when discussing the plan with a patient and family members.

      Criterion 5

      Use the literature on evaluation as a guide to compare learning session content with best practices, including how to align teaching sessions to Healthy People 2030.

      Distinguished

      Uses the literature on evaluation as a guide to compare learning session content with best practices, including how to align teaching sessions to Healthy People 2030. Explains the need for changes to the plan.

      Proficient

      Uses the literature on evaluation as a guide to compare learning session content with best practices, including how to align teaching sessions to Healthy People 2030.

      Basic

      Discusses evaluation but does not use the literature as a guide to compare learning session content with best practices, or does not include how to align teaching sessions to Healthy People 2030.

      Non Performance

      Does not use the literature on evaluation as a guide to compare learning session content with best practices, and does not include how to align teaching sessions to Healthy People 2030.

      Criterion 6

      Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting nearly flawless adherence to APA format.

      Distinguished

      Exhibits strict and flawless adherence to APA formatting of headings, in-text citations, and references. Correctly uses quotes and paraphrasing.

      Proficient

      Applies APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting nearly flawless adherence to APA format.

      Basic

      Applies APA formatting to in-text citations, headings and references incorrectly and/or inconsistently, detracting noticeably from the content. Inconsistently uses headings, quotes, and/or paraphrasing.

      Non Performance

      Does not apply APA formatting to headings, in-text citations, and references. Does not use quotes or paraphrase correctly.

      Criterion 7

      Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.

      Distinguished

      Organizes content with a clear purpose. Content flows logically with smooth transitions using coherent paragraphs, correct grammar/punctuation, word choice, and free of spelling errors.

      Proficient

      Organizes content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.

      Basic

      Organizes content with some logical flow and smooth transitions. Contains errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.

      Non Performance

      Does not organize content for ideas. Lacks logical flow and smooth transitions.

      Criterion 8

      Complete any remaining practicum hours, for a total of 40 hours, approved by your preceptor. Submit practicum hour documentation to Capella Academic Portal.

      Distinguished

      Completes any remaining practicum hours, for a total of 40 hours, along with a detailed description of activities, approved by your preceptor to Capella Academic Portal.

      Proficient

      Completes any remaining practicum hours, for a total of 40 hours, approved by your preceptor. Submits practicum hour documentation to Capella Academic Portal.

      Basic

      Completes any remaining practicum hours, for a total of 40 hours, approved by your preceptor. Documents activities in Capella Academic Portal, but not detailed.

      Non Performance

      Total hours submitted does not equal 40 hours. Does not submit practicum hour documentation to Capella Academic Portal.

      Thinking Critically Discussion

        

      At least 300 words addressing the assigned concept. 

      For Discussion Board 2, we will focus on critical thought in solving problems. Present the two most important findings from our chapter this week, compose your post, and submit two replies by Saturday, 11 pm CST.

      TEXTBOOK(S) AND REQUIRED MATERIALS:

      Title: Thinking Critically

      Author: Chaffee

      Publisher: Cengage

      Year Published: 2019

      Edition: 12th

      ISBN: 10: xxxxxxxxxx or 13: 9780357690109

        Review Chapter 5 of the Life After College

         

        Prepare

        Prior to beginning work on this final project, review

         

        Reflect

        The objective of this final project is to compile all the components of self-marketing, including your elevator pitch, personal brand statement, resumes, career accomplishments, and pertinent artifacts, into a professional ePortfolio suitable for immediate distribution.

        Review and gather all self-marketing components you have created throughout the course.

         Folio

        Folio is the platform on which you will create your ePortfolio. It is available and is a good option because of its many features and ability to interface with various networks and platforms. These resources will help you get started in Folio:

         

        Organize Your ePortfolio

        Follow these steps to organize your ePortfolio:

        • Home Page: Create an engaging home page that includes your name, a professional photo, and a brief introduction.
        • Elevator Pitch: Embed or link to your elevator pitch video or provide the written summary.
        • Personal Brand Statement: Include your personal brand statement prominently.
        • Resume(s): Upload your targeted resume and ensure it is easily accessible.
        • Career Accomplishments: Create a section that highlights your key achievements and experiences.
        • Artifacts: Organize and upload pertinent artifacts, providing context for each item and explaining its relevance.

         

        Write

        In your project,

        • Integrate all required components of the ePortfolio (elevator pitch, personal brand statement, resume(s), career accomplishments, and pertinent artifacts).
        • Organize the ePortfolio so that sections are clear, navigation is easy, it is professionally designed, and error-free.
        • Compile quality content that is relevant, well-written, and effectively showcases your skills and experiences.
           

        EDU499 Creating the Package to Market Yourself

        TRANSCRIPT FOR INTERACTIVE LEARNING MODULE

        Screen 1: Learning Objective

        You will learn how to identify all the components of self-marketing, including the elevator pitch,

        personal brand statement, resumes, career accomplishments, and pertinent artifacts, and list

        them in ePortfolios for immediate and convenient distribution.

        Screen 2: Conversation on ePortfolio

        Liam and Kim are having a conversation on ePortfolios.

        Select the arrow buttons to explore more. Once finished, select the Next button.

        [The screen displays 2 slides with two characters Liam and Kim.]

        Slide 1:

        Kim: I’ve got my resume, brand statement, and a few projects ready, but how do I bring it all

        together for an ePortfolio that really showcases who I am?

        Liam: Start by organizing those pieces into a cohesive narrative. Your elevator pitch should

        serve as the introduction, followed by your personal brand statement, resume, and career

        accomplishments. Highlight key artifacts—such as lesson plans or projects—that demonstrate

        your expertise, and make sure it’s all easy to navigate.

        Slide 2:

        Kim: So, it’s about showing the best of what I have in one place and making it accessible for

        anyone, anytime?

        Liam: Exactly. With an ePortfolio, you’re marketing yourself continuously. Make sure it’s

        polished and can be shared easily, giving potential employers a clear insight into your value, no

        matter when or where they access it.

        Screen 3: Importance of Self-Marketing and the ePortfolio

        Select each tab to learn more.

        [The screen displays timeline with 3 icons]

        Icon 1: Why Self-Marketing Matters

        • Self-marketing helps you stand out in a competitive job market.

        • A platform to showcase your skills and experiences in an accessible format

        Icon 2: Overview of the ePortfolio

        • Collection of a person's accomplishments and experiences serving as a

        professional marketing tool for career advancement

        • Provides a dynamic and easily accessible platform to showcase skills and

        personal branding, making candidates stand out to potential employers

        Icon 3: List of platforms

        Here’s a list of platforms commonly used to host ePortfolios:

        • LinkedIn

        • WordPress

        • Wix

        • Google Sites

        • Adobe Portfolio

        • Portfolium

        Screen 4: Crafting the Elevator Pitch

        An elevator pitch is a brief summary that highlights who you are, what you do, and the value you

        bring and is aimed at sparking interest in 30-90 seconds.

        Select each shape to learn more.

        [The screen displays two clickable shapes and one non clickable shape]

        Shape 1: Key Components

        • Introduction—Briefly state who you are and your professional background.

        • Value Proposition—Highlight what you do and what makes you unique or

        valuable.

        • Career Goals—Share your short-term or long-term objectives relevant to the

        listener.

        • Call to Action—End with a statement or question that encourages further

        conversation or connection.

        Shape 2: Best Practices

        • Keep it clear, concise, and memorable.

        • Align the pitch with your personal brand.

        Screen 5: Developing Your Personal Brand Statement

        Select the arrow buttons to learn more. Once completed, select the Next button.

        [The screen displays 4 slides. Each slide has information on it]

        Slide 1: What is a Personal Brand Statement?

        A concise description that communicates who you are, what you do, and what sets you apart, reflecting your value to your target audience

        Slide 2: How It Differs From an Elevator Pitch

        It is a written, concise summary that defines your professional identity and value over time.

        Slide 3: Tailor Your Personal Brand Statement

        Aligning your brand with your career aspirations and personal values

        Slide 4: Follow these steps to create a personal brand statement:

        • Identify your strengths—Reflect on your core skills, talents, and expertise.

        • Define your target audience—Determine whom you want to reach or impress (employers, clients, etc.).

        • Clarify your unique value—Highlight what sets you apart from others in your field.

        • Connect your value to your audience’s needs—Show how your skills and experience address specific problems or goals relevant to your target audience.

        • Keep it concise and memorable—Craft a clear, brief statement that effectively communicates your brand in a compelling way.

        Screen 6: Creating an Impactful Resume

        Here are a few steps involved in creating an impactful resume:

        Select each tab to learn more

        [The screen displays 4 clickable tabs]

        Tab 1: Resume Definition

        A concise document that summarizes an individual’s professional experience and skills to

        showcase qualifications to potential employers

        Tab 2: Sections to Include

        • Contact Information—Your name, phone number, email address, LinkedIn profile or personal website

        • Professional Summary or Objective—A brief statement highlighting your career goals or key qualifications

        • Work Experience—A list of past jobs or internships, including job titles and key responsibilities/accomplishments

        • Education—Schools attended, degrees earned, and relevant coursework or honors

        • Skills—A list of relevant technical and soft skills related to the job you're applying for

        • Certifications/Training—Any professional certifications or specialized training relevant to your field

        • Awards/Accomplishments—Honors or significant achievements in your career or education

        • Optional sections can include volunteer work, projects, or publications.

        Tab 3: Highlighting Accomplishments

        • Use Numbers—Include specific data such as percentages, amounts, or time frames ("Increased student test scores by 15%").

        • Highlight Results—Focus on the outcome of your actions ("Reduced failure rates by 20% through efficient task management").

        • Show Scope—Indicate the scale of your responsibilities ("Managed a budget of $50,000" or "Supervised a team of 10 daycare workers").

        • Compare to Benchmarks—Mention how your achievements surpass expectations ("Exceeded retention goals by 5%").

        • Link to Organizational Goals—Demonstrate how your work contributed to broader goals ("Improved graduation rates of ELL students by sheltered instruction practices").

        Tab 4: Resume Design

        • Readability: Use clear fonts, bullet points, and concise text.

        • Formatting: Organize sections, align text, and use bold/italics sparingly.

        • White Space: Add space between sections and maintain clean margins.

        Screen 7: Career Accomplishments and Artifacts

        Here are a few points to identify career accomplishments and select artifacts for your portfolio:

        Select the circle to learn more.

        [The screen displays two clickable circles and one non-clickable circle]

        Circle 1: Identifying Impactful Accomplishments

        • Focus on Results: projects or roles where you made a measurable difference, such as increasing efficiency, improving outcomes, or solving a significant problem

        • Highlight Key Initiatives: initiatives you led or contributed to that demonstrate your leadership, innovation, or ability to drive change

        • Demonstrate Growth: examples that show your professional growth, such as mastering a new skill or taking on greater responsibility

        • Align With Career Goals: accomplishments that directly relate to the type of roles you're targeting and showcase relevant skills

        • Incorporate Testimonials or Data: evidence of your impact, such as testimonials or data that quantify your success (e.g., "increased student engagement by 20%")

        Circle 2: Selecting Artifacts for Your ePortfolio

        • Include lesson plans, projects, presentations, assessments, or research.

        • Align artifacts with your career goals and the roles you're seeking.

        Screen 8: Building Your ePortfolio

        Here are a few points to build your portfolio:

        Select each circle to learn more.

        [The screen displays 3 hotspots/circles]

        Circle 1: What Should Go in an ePortfolio?

        • Elevator pitch (in video or text format)

        • Personal brand statement

        • Resume

        • Career accomplishments and relevant artifacts

        Circle 2: Structuring Your ePortfolio

        • Organize content for clarity and ease of navigation.

        • Use visuals, videos, and other media to enhance engagement.

        Circle 3: Choosing an ePortfolio Platform

        • Review options (LinkedIn, WordPress, Wix, Portfolium, Folio).

        • Choose platforms that allow customization and accessibility considerations.

        Screen 9: Summary

        Self-marketing is essential in today’s competitive job market, helping professionals stand out by

        showcasing their skills and accomplishments. Tools such as ePortfolios, elevator pitches, and

        resumes allow students to present their personal brand effectively.

        SOCI1010 Unit 1 Touchstone Assignment

        SOCI1010 Unit 1 Touchstone Assignment

        SCENARIO: Imagine that you work for a nonprofit organization that is focused on increasing diversity in community groups in your area. Your supervisor asks you to develop a sociological study concerning topics of diversity and collaboration in a specific community group of your choice. Eventually you will prepare to share your research with colleagues.

        ASSIGNMENT: For this Touchstone, you will begin by formulating a question about diversity in a community group that you have access to. Then you will use the steps of the scientific method to prepare a research plan, including a bibliography for a literature review. As you learned, sociologists follow the scientific method so that their results are both scientifically valid and useful to the greater sociological community. A literature review allows researchers to learn from completed studies and to build upon their conclusions.

        SOCI1010 Unit 1 Touchstone Template

        Complete the following template, including all parts, using complete sentences.

        STEP 1: Pick a Topic

        Write a paragraph (approximately 6-8 sentences) describing the community group you have chosen. Remember, it should be a group in which membership is voluntary and recreational.

        In particular, be sure to answer the following questions:

        · What is the community group?

        · What are the attributes or characteristics of this community group? (e.g. What activities does this group do together? What element of the members’ interests or identities brings them together? How is membership in the group defined, if at all?)

        · What kind of experience with or access to this community group do you have?

         

        I would like to study the Teen Reading Club at the Springfield Public Library.

        Teen Reading Club is a monthly book club led by an SPL librarian. The group meets once per month to discuss a book that everyone has read. It’s an open group, so the teens who participate can vary from month to month.

        My son occasionally participates in this book club, as do some of his friends.

         

        STEP 2: Ask a Question

        Formulate a research question related to this group, and to topics related to diversity and/or collaboration. Write the question you have formulated for your study, and identify the independent and dependent variables.

        Remember, an independent variable is a variable that causes or drives a change in outcome. A dependent variable is an effect, or a variable that is influenced by an independent variable.

        Research question: Are the readings selected for the SPL book club more diverse when they are picked by the teens rather than by the librarian?

        Independent variable: How the readings are selected

        Dependent variable: The diversity of the readings

         

        STEP 3: Prepare a Bibliography

        List 4-6 articles, books, or other resources that relate to your question for your literature review.

        Remember, attributes of good readings for your literature review include:

        · They are academic, scholarly works about research findings or they are reliable journalistic reporting based on scientifically credible and reliable data.

        · They should have been published in the last 10 years—unless they are a landmark work on the topic and provide important background or as a comparison.

        · They look at different sides of the argument and a variety of perspectives.

        · They do not have to be written by sociologists or published in sociology journals, but they should be academic and not popular works.

        Use the simplified method to format sources for your bibliography. Include five key elements for each source, with each element separated by a period:

        · Author’s name(s)

        · Publisher and Publication date

        · Title of the source

        · Page numbers (if applicable)

        · Source’s location for web-based texts (URL)

         
        1. Sofya Aptekar. 2019. The Public Library as Resistive Space in the Neoliberal City. https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cico.12417

         

        2.

        Ailing Kong and Ellen Finch. The Reading Teacher, 2003. “Using Book Club To Engage Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Learners in Reading, Writing, and Talking About Books.” https://www.jstor.org/stable/20205209

         

        3.

        Jil’lana Heard. Knowledge Quest, 2015. “Engaging Teens in Recreational Reading Through Book Clubs.” https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1064149

        4.

        Linda Terran Strommen and Barbara Fowles Mates. Journal of Adolescent and Adult Literacy, 2011. “Learning To Love Reading: Interviews With Older Children and Teens.” https://ila.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1598/JAAL.48.3.1

        5.

        Myrna Morales, Em Claire Knowles, and Chris Bourg. Libraries and the Academy, 2014. “Diversity, Social Justice, and the Future of Libraries.” https://muse.jhu.edu/article/549202

        6.

        Jamie Campbell Naidoo. ALSC, 2014. The Importance of Diversity in Library Programs and Material. https://www.scoe.org/files/Importance_of_Diversity_in_Library_Programs_and_Material_(1).pdf

        Get a CUSTOM Answer HERE

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