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Pharm M6

  • Select a disease process that is of interest to you.
  • Pathophysiology of the disease state.
  • Review of the pharmacological agents used for treatment and important information related to advanced practice nurse.
  • Each student will clearly write a title for this topic: For examples, “Pharmacological Effects of Anti-Hypertensive Medications in the Management of Hypertension”.

    Nursing Critical Research Appraisal Assignment

    You will select one research report with a qualitative design and one with quantitative design and answer the following questions regarding the following categories:

    1. Discuss what is meant by the term Qualitative Research
      • Briefly, describe the characteristics of qualitative research and identify nursing issues/phenomena that lend themselves to a qualitative research approach.
      • Compare and contrast three different qualitative research methodologies.
      • Briefly, discuss the strengths and weaknesses of qualitative research evidence for informing nursing practice.
      • Communicate how this research design used in research.
    2. The study, sampling, data collection, analysis, rigor, findings and limitations
      • Identify the purpose of the study.
      • Briefly, describe the design of the study and explain why you think it is either appropriate or inappropriate to meet the purpose.
      • Identify ethical issues related to the study and how they were/were not addressed.
      • Identify the sampling method and recruitment strategy that was used.
      • Discuss whether sampling and recruitment were appropriate to the aims of the research.
      • Identify the data collection method(s) and discuss whether the method(s) is/are appropriate to the aims of the study.
      • Identify how the data was analyzed and discuss whether the method(s) of analysis is/are appropriate to the aims of the study.
      • Identify four (4) criteria by which the rigor of a qualitative project can be judged.
      • Discuss the rigor of this study using the four criteria. 
      • Briefly, describe the findings of the study and identify any limitations.
      • Use the information that you have gained from your critique of the study to discuss the trustworthiness and applicability of the study. Include in your discussion any implications for the discipline of nursing.
    3. Discuss what you understand by the term Quantitative Research – Use the following dot points to guide your discussion (give reasons for your argument and support with references):
      • Describe the characteristics of quantitative research.
      • Identify nursing issues/phenomena that lend themselves to a quantitative research approach
      • Differentiate between observational and interventional research designs and also between experimental and quasi-experimental designs.
      • Briefly, outline the difference between inferential and descriptive statistics and their relationship to levels of measurement.
      • Communicate how this research design used in research.
    4. Critique the Quantitative Research Report – Use the following headings to guide your critique (in all discussions and explanations give reasons for your argument and support with references):
      • The study
        • Identify the purpose and design of the study.
        • Explain what is meant by ‘blinding’ and ‘randomization’ and discuss how these were addressed in the design of the study.
        • Identify ethical issues related to the study and how they were/were not addressed.
      •  Sampling
        • Explain the sampling method and recruitment strategy that was used.
        • Discuss how the sample size was determined – include in your discussion an explanation of terms used.
      • Data collection
        • Briefly, outline how the data was collected and identify any data collection instrument(s).
        • Define the terms validity and reliability and discuss how the validity & reliability of the instruments were/were not addressed in this study and why this is important.
      • Data analysis
        • Outline how the data were analyzed.
        • Identify the statistics used and the level of measurement of the data described by each statistical test – include in your discussion an explanation of terms used.
      • Findings and limitations
        • Briefly, outline the findings and identify any limitations of the study
        • Use the information that you have gained from your critique of the study to briefly discuss the trustworthiness and applicability of the study. Include in your discussion an explanation of the term statistical significance and name the tests of statistical significance used in this study.

      6004: journal entry

       m6

      Instructions

      Each student will complete a personal toolbox journal entry for every module. The toolbox will be a place where you can add social work skills you are learning about, using, and exploring throughout each module, the readings, and your experiences in the field.

      In this personal toolbox assignment, reflect on where you are over the last semester and your simultaneous experiences of practice, class, and practicum, paying special attention to the integration of course material into your practicum experience. Address where you were when you began the first generalist practice course and where you are now. This should be a self-reflective review of how you have seen yourself grow and develop thus far. Focus on skills you see yourself becoming more comfortable with and those you want to explore and develop further in addition to your growing self-awareness and ways of approaching those in need and the larger environment. 

      Requirements

      • Submit your assignment by the posted due date.
        • Your journal entry for this module should be between 500 and 750 words.
        • Responses should be thoughtful and demonstrate serious consideration of the skills you have chosen.

       m4

      Instructions

      This module's Class Toolbox Discussion is focused on developing your understanding of family informed social work. For this topic discussion, please navigate to The Heights and locate Stephen R's case, found at the Wellness Outpatient Mental Health Center in East Egg.

      After reading Stephen R's case, respond to the prompts below.

      Discussion prompts:

      1. Describe the family system as you understand it at the conclusion of the first two sessions.
      2. What questions or information do you still want to know?
      3. What alliances and coalitions can you identify? Give evidence
      4. What evidence do you observe that might be identified triangulation?
      5. What would be your initial choice of a theoretical framework discussed in this module? Offer an intervention using the theory
      6. Did you experience any countertransference or ethical concerns in working through these sessions?

      Requirements

      • Submit your initial post by the due date.
        • Your initial post should be approximately 500 words.

        Imagine you are a teacher for a class on statistics and you want to teach your students about correlation

         

        Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words:

        Imagine you are a teacher for a class on statistics and you want to teach your students about correlation using the class data on hair length and height in inches.

        Answer these questions for yourself before you run any data:

        • Do you think these two characteristics—height and hair length—are connected in any way?
        • How will you know if they are related to each other?
        • Do you expect them to be correlated? Why or why not? If yes, would you expect this correlation to be positive or negative? Strong or weak?
        • If you think there is a correlation, do you think it is based on causation? Why or why not? If yes, is this causation direct or indirect?

        Use the data in the chart below to figure the Pearson Correlation Coefficient for this data set.

           Height in Inches

        Length of Hair

           70

        1

           70

        1.5

           70

        2

           65

        2

           68

        1

           65

        3

           62

        5

           58

        4

           60

        4

           55

        5.5

           67

        2

           58

        7

           59

        6

           52

        7

           65

        9

           66

        8

           58

        10

           53

        9

           52

        11

           72

        2

           68

        2

           70

        1

           60

        5

           64

        9

           78

        2

           54

        8

        Watch How To Perform A Pearson Correlation Test In Excel by Steven Bradburn on YouTube to learn how to complete correlation in Excel.

        Now that you have run the data, answer these questions for discussion.

        • Did you see the results you expected?
        • What did you anticipate correctly?
        • What did you not get correct? What do you think caused you to be incorrect?

        Now let’s look at it visually. Watch  Creating an XY Scatter Plot in Excel by Vertex42 on YouTube to learn how to create a scatterplot. You are making a basic two-column correlation, which is described first in the video.

        Create your scatterplot using the same data. Can you see how the scatterplot makes the “number” you got visual?

        Answer the following questions for discussion:

        • How precise is this information?
        • Can you think of an example of how to use it in real life? 
        • Who would find such information useful?

          edu 533 week 4 discussion

           

          Using the information from your response last week, create a brief outline of a task and learner analysis.

          • What factors are involved in each of these important steps?
          • You may design a simple flowchart to explain the steps for each of these.

          2

          Name

          Instructor

          School

          Date

          1. Is this a formal or informal needs analysis?

          It is a formal needs analysis. It entails several stakeholders: the SME, the department chair, the principal or learning manager, the trainer, and the media team, all of whom will have a say in the learning asset design (Spatioti, 1).

          2.What are the goals of this learning asset?

          The objectivity of the learning asset is that it will meet the training needs of the target audience and align the training with the organizational objectives, and also that the training material will support the needs of learners with various experiences and capabilities, and in this case, it means providing adequate remediation (Spatioti, 1).

          3. How much time is being allocated for the design process?

          The timeline to be involved in the design process must be established; there must be a clear plan on the timeline, which consists of class time, self-paced learning, and practical learning. When OJT (On-the-Job Training) is in the picture, then the same should be ensured within the framework (McIntosh, 2).

          4.What is the budget for the project (time, resources needed, etc.)?

          The items included in the budget will include personnel, technology, and time to spend on design, testing, and implementation. The details of the budget are to be fixed by the project manager. 

          5.Are there any identified potential obstacles?

          Suspected barriers include the time and disparity between the expectations of the stakeholders and the adverse attitude to the changes in the design. They can be addressed by effective communication, performance appraisal, and periodic reviews (McIntosh, 2).

          References

          1.Spatioti, A. G., Kazanidis, I., & Pange, J. (2022). A comparative study of the ADDIE instructional design model in distance education.  Information13(9), 402. https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/13/9/402

          2.McIntosh, O. B., Burnett, A., Feldman, I., Lamphere, J. A., Reuter, T. A., & Vital, E. (2023). The role of sustainability knowledge-action platforms in advancing multi-stakeholder engagement on sustainability.  Data & Policy5, e33. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/data-and-policy/article/role-of-sustainability-knowledgeaction-platforms-in-advancing-multistakeholder-engagement-on-sustainability/8BFEDD90A550CD6B544D9BAF1E50EC53

          Statistics 5: analyze a correlational study and explain how it differs from a cause-and-effect outcome

           

          It is important for you to able to analyze a correlational study and explain how it differs from a cause-and-effect outcome.

          Using the same scenario you used in Part I and II of this project, you will now present your findings to your company or clinic staff, including CEOs (think about your audience).

          Part A

          Provide a response to the following prompts.

          Imagine your research team has been tasked with finding the correlation of 2 variables from your scenario. The data below includes 4 research participants’ data for variable 1 (high scores mean better of variable 1) and data for variable 2 (high scores mean more of the variable). The scores are as follows:

             Person

          Variable 1

          Variable 2

             1

          1

          10

             2

          1

          8

             3

          2

          4

             4

          4

          -2

          Describe the process your research team would go through by completing the following:

          1. Create a scatter diagram of the scores.
          2. Describe in words the general pattern of correlation, if any.
          3. Figure the correlation coefficient.
          4. Explain the logic of what you have done, writing as if you are speaking to someone who has never heard of correlation (but who does understand the mean, standard deviation, Z scores, and hypothesis testing).
          5. Provide 3 logically possible directions of causality, indicating for each direction whether it is a reasonable explanation for the correlation based on the variables involved. Explain your answer.
          Part B

          Assume your research is complete and you have written your research article. Now it’s time to make a public presentation for your company/clinic.

          Consider your audience and the language you will need to use to make this presentation clear for all participants.

          Create a 10- to 12-slide Microsoft PowerPoint presentation (cover slides and references do not count in this number) using the information you gathered and submitted in Parts I and II.

          Include the following in your presentation:

          • Describe the problem and provide some brief background information about the situation.
          • Explain the research hypothesis.
          • Describe your sample and your sampling method.
          • Explain the 4 steps of the research process you followed.
          • Define the critical value and the test statistic your analysis provided.
          • Include your scatterplot and correlation findings from Part A.
          • Provide the main finding of the study. What did you prove or fail to prove?
          • Provide recommendations based on your findings.

          Each slide must have 4 to 5 bullet points with 4 to 5 words for each point plus speaker notes. The bulk of your explanation will go in the speaker notes. This is where you will write and put what you would say when giving this presentation to your audience. This is an academic presentation; therefore, keep the bells and whistles to a minimum and make this a clean, professional-looking presentation. It is a visual presentation, so tasteful and related images are appropriate.

          Format any citations in your presentation according to APA guidelines. Also, if photos are used, they need to be referenced according to APA guidelines.

            Week 10 Discussion- Improving Business Performance

            The Goal Part 3

            This week is a continuation from Week 8 and Week 9, in which you use critical thinking skills to analyze business issues from the business novel The Goal. You will analyze the relevance of systems thinking concepts described in the book to effective business practices.

            To prepare for this Discussion:

            · Read pages 237–337 (Chapters 29–40) of The Goal.

            · As you read this part of the book, consider passages that contain ideas that you find compelling and particularly relevant to effective business management. You will select at least three passages to discuss this week.

            o Consider how management challenges were often misunderstood because some managers could not see beyond their own paradigms. Think about how some of the most effective actions focused on the system, and the policy constraints, rather than the immediate, local issues.

            · In addition, consider how understanding these concepts might have influenced your past decision making.

            Post your analysis of The Goal, to include the following:

            · Identify three or more short passages from this week’s assigned reading in The Goal that contain one or two essential ideas that you found compelling and explain why each passage you chose is relevant to and important in effective business management. Be sure to include the citation for each passage in your explanation.

            · Then, reflect on and complete this statement based on your own experience: “If I had only known this back when…”

            Improving Business Performance

            Week 9 Learning Resources

            System Thinking and Social Change

            Using these resources, you will explore how applying systems thinking principles can be used to promote positive social change. As you review these resources, consider how you might apply systems thinking to create change. How might these concepts benefit the greater good?

            · Hernández, A., Ruano, A. L., Marchal, B., San Sebastián, M., & Flores, W. (2017).  Engaging with complexity to improve the health of indigenous people: A call for the use of systems thinking to tackle health inequityLinks to an external site. International Journal for Equity in  Health16(1), 26–31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-017-0521-2

            · Stroh, D. P. (2014).  Systems thinking for social change: Making an explicit choiceLinks to an external site. Reflections14(3), 35–42.

            · Stroh, D. P., & Zurcher, K. (2012).  A systems approach to increasing the impact of grantmakingLinks to an external site. Reflections11(3), 31–43.

            Ethical Consideration

            Through these resources,  you will investigate how the application of systems thinking principles and tools can assist managers in understanding and mitigating ethical dilemmas. As you review these resources, consider some ethical concerns that you may have encountered in your personal and professional life. Can you think of any ways in which systems thinking principles could have done anything to address or alleviate those concerns?

            · Bardoel, E. A., & Haslett, T. (2006).  Exploring ethical dilemmas using the “drifting goals” archetypeLinks to an external site. Journal of Management Education30(1), 134–148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1052562905280836

            · Noga, T., Pant, L. W., & Shaw, L. (2011).  Recalibrating ethical dilemmas using the “fixes that fail” archetypeLinks to an external site. Journal of Business Ethics Education8(1), 115–118.

            · Steele, R., & Derven, M. (2015).  Diversity & inclusion and innovation: A virtuous cycleLinks to an external site. Industrial and Commercial Training, 47(1), 1–7.

            · Werhane, P. H. (2002).  Moral imagination and systems thinkingLinks to an external site. Journal of Business Ethics38(1/2), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015737431300

            Important Documents and Resources for the Week

            Goldratt, E. & Cox, J. (2014).  The goal: A process of ongoing improvement (4th ed., pp. 124–236). North River Press. Note: This resource will be used for this week’s Discussion.

            ,

            Improving Business Performance

            Week 8 Learning Resources

            The Theory of Constraints

            Through these resources, you will explore the subject of the Theory of Constraints. TOC was developed by Eliyahu Goldratt and first presented in his book,  The Goal (originally published in 1984). The objective of TOC is to prevent “constraints,” referred to as bottlenecks, from limiting the throughput (i.e., production rate) of an organization. This is accomplished through managing constraints as opposed to attempting to eliminate them.

            · Cox,  J. F. III. (2015, August).  Unlocking the service sectorLinks to an external site. Industrial Engineer47(8), 30–35.

            · Cox,  J. F. III., Robinson, T. M., & Maxwell, W. (2016, February).  Unconstraining a doctor’s officeLinks to an external site.Industrial Engineer48(2), 28–33.

            · CorrectionLinks to an external site. . (2016, March).  Industrial Engineer48(3), 11. Note: This article simply contains a brief correction to the Unconstraining a Doctor’s Office article.

            · Dalton, M. A. (2009).  What’s constraining your innovation?Links to an external site.   Research Technology Management52(5), 52–64

            · Fox, K. (2012).  Seeing the forest for the trees: Theory of constraints reduces cost of governmentLinks to an external site. The Public Manager41(3), 10–13.

            · Hsu, P.-F., & Sun, M.-H. (2005).  Using the theory of constraints to improve the identification and solution of managerial problemsLinks to an external site. International Journal of Management, 22(3), 415–425.

            · Monteiro, V. (2018).  TOC in the emergency roomLinks to an external site. .  Industrial and Systems Engineering at Work50(7), 38–42.

            · Weiss,  E. N. (2004, February 20).  A brief note on the theory of constraints . Darden School Foundation, University of Virginia. https://hbsp.harvard.edu/

            Throughput Accounting

            Using these resources, you will explore the concept of throughput accounting, which is a method of increasing productivity and generating more income and profit. When people in traditional accounting and finance roles lead the budgeting process, there can be more opportunities for wrong decisions to be made, especially when there is an overemphasis on costs. By applying throughput accounting principles, you can gain a more comprehensive and enlightened perspective on decisions that need to be made within an organization by increasing the focus on throughput.

            · Albright, T., Lam, M. (2006).  Managerial accounting and continuous improvement initiatives: A retrospective and frameworkLinks to an external site. Journal of Managerial Issues18(2), 157–174.

            · Corbett, T. (2006).  Three-questions accountingLinks to an external site. Strategic Finance87(10), 48–55.

            · Kadhim, H. K., Najm, K. J., & Kadhim, H. N. (2020).  Using throughput accounting for cost management and performance assessment: Constraint theory approachLinks to an external site. TEM Journal9(2), 763–769. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM92-45

            · Kirli, M. (2016).  Throughput accounting in strategic cost management: An applicationLinks to an external site. Annals of Dunarea de Jos University. Fascicle I: Economics and Applied Informatics22(2), 78–87.

            Combining the Three Systems: Leaning, Six Sigma, & Theory of Constraints

            Through these resources, you will explore the benefits of combining the best of the three main continuous performance disciplines: Lean, Six Sigma, and the Theory of Constraints. This combination is referred to as the velocity approach. Each of these systems has strengths and weaknesses but, when used together, they can efficiently improve business performance.

            · Aghili, S. (2011).  Throughput metrics meet Six SigmaLinks to an external site. Management Accounting Quarterly12(3), 12–17.

            · Hudson, J. D. Jr. (2017, October).  CL6 allows three shots at better improvement: Instead of bickering over methodologies, find synergies between theory of constraints, lean and six sigmaLinks to an external site. Industrial and Systems Engineering at Work49(10), 43–47.

            · Ioana, B. R. (2018).  TOC, lean, six sigma are complementary?Links to an external site.   Ovidius University Annals, Economic  Sciences Series18(2), 389–394.

            · Piraseth, R.M., Kannappan, S. (2013).  The synergy of continuous process improvementLinks to an external site. Industrial Engineer45(6), 41–45.

            Important Documents

            · Goldratt, E. & Cox, J. (2014).  The goal: A process of ongoing improvement (4th ed., pp. 1–123). North River Press. Note: This resource will be used for this week’s Discussion.

            · Document:  Module 3 Assignment Template (Word document)

            ,

            Improving Business Performance

            Week 10 Learning Resources

            Personal Mastery

            Using these resources, you will explore the concept of personal mastery and its significance in the development of leadership. As you review these resources, consider how you might apply the concept of personal mastery in your own life and within your organization.

            · Cropper, B. (n.d.).  Personal mastery—putting the “me” in leadership Links to an external site. . The Change Forum. https://www.thechangeforum.com/Personal_Mastery.htm

            · García-Morales, V. J., Lloréns-Montes, F. J., & Verdú-Jover, A. J. (2007).  Influence of personal mastery on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation in large firms and SMEsLinks to an external site. Technovation27(9), 547–568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2007.02.013

            · Gregg Learning. (2018, February 9).  Personal mastery in leadership Links to an external site.  [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KrKgjAbxpw

            · Senge, P. M. (2006). Personal mastery. In  The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning organization (pp. 129–162). Doubleday.

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